EOSC 430 - Aqueous Geochemistry
Course Description
Quantitative approaches to practical groundwater geochemistry problems. Equilibrium thermodynamics, kinetics, complexation, oxidation reduction, cation exchange, sorption and partitioning of organics. Case Studies.
UBC Calendar
For a full listing of course offerings please see the UBC
calendar description
Learning Goals
under development
Instructors
Ulrich Mayer, Roger Beckie
Textbook
None. Course notes will be distributed in class for a nominal photocopy fee.
Course Content
Additional Course Content
Lecture Topics
The focus of this course is to provide a basic understanding of geochemical processes and their effect the evolution of natural and contaminated groundwater. Quantitative approaches to groundwater geochemistry problems are introduced and further discussed based on practical applications and case studies. Specific topics covered include hydrolysis, acid-base chemistry, the carbonate system, aqueous complexation, dissolution-precipitation, cation exchange, surface complexation, and inorganic and microbially-mediated oxidation-reduction reactions. Case studies include the dedolomitization of aquifers, the formation of uranium roll fronts, arsenic contamination in Bangladesh, trace metal mobility in mining waste environments, and geochemical aspects of groundwater remediation methods.
| Topics |
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- Week 1
- Introduction to groundwater geochemistry
Groundwater systems Groundwater geochemical data Geochemical Processe Global Fluxes - the big picture Chemical analysis of groundwater samples Presentation of geochemical data
- Week 2
- Review of geochemical principles
Mass balance: reactions and the tableau Thermodynamics and equilibrium Geochemical modeling: PHREEQC V.2
- Week 3
- Acid/base geochemistry and aqueous complexation
Acid base chemistry Buffering concepts ANC and alkalinity Acid rain and response of catchments pCpH diagrams
- Week 4
- Carbonate geochemistry:
Carbonate equilibria Carbonate equilibria calculations Open and closed carbonate systems
- Week 5
- Carbonate geochemistry:
Mixing of waters Carbonate minerals Open and closed system dissolution of calcite Dedolomitization
- Week 6
- Mineral dissolution-precipitation
Major mineral groups Saturation index Solubility diagrams Stability diagrams Kinetically controlled mineral dissolution-precipitation Mineral weathering Solid solutions Case Studies
- Week 7
- Adsorption, ion exchange, and surface complexation
Sorption models Kd approach Nonlinear isotherms Cation exchange capacity Ion exchange models
| - Week 8
- Adsorption, ion exchange and surface complexation
Ion exchange, case studies and examples Ion exchange, selectivity coefficients Surface charge Point of zero charge Types of surface complexed species Surface protonation and deprotonation Surface complexation with metals Surface complexation with ligands Adsorption characteristics of metals and ligands
- Week 9
- Redox geochemistry
The tools to understand redox reactions Redox-active elements Redox potential pC-pe diagrams
- Week 10
- Redox geochemistry
pe-pH diagrams Stability of water Construction of pe-pH diagrams Redox sequence in natural groundwater systems
Week 11 - Redox geochemistry
Redox sequence in contaminated groundwater systems Microbial ecology of natural and contamianted groundwater systems
- Week 12
- Redox geochemistry
Acid rock drainage processes Redox controls on groundwater in Bangladesh
- Week 13
- Application of geochemical principles to groundwater attenuation
Permeable reactive barriers In-situ chemical oxidation Natural attenuation
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Labs
A number of exercises will involve the application of quantitative techniques introduced in the course largely based on case studies. Some of the assignments involve the use of a computer model (PHREEQC V2) to simplify the assessment of more complex geochemical systems. An introductory laboratory on the use of this model is also part of the course.